Inflammatory processes of the ocular structures can be acute or chronic and include:
Blepharitis is an inflammation of the edges of the eyelids, can be acute or chronic, accompanied by redness, itching and scales on the eyelashes.
Barley is an acute purulent inflammation of the sebaceous gland of the eyelid.
Chalazion is a chronic formation in the thickness of the eyelid that occurs due to blockage of the sebaceous gland.
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye. May be:
Bacterial – caused by bacteria, accompanied by purulent discharge.
Allergic – caused by allergens (pollen, dust, cosmetics), accompanied by itching and lacrimation.
Chronic irritation syndrome is a constant feeling of dryness, burning and discomfort in the eyes, often associated with dry eyes or improper hygiene.
Important: for proper treatment, a differential diagnosis is performed (determining the exact type of inflammation in order to choose the appropriate treatment).
Barley is an acute purulent inflammation of the sebaceous gland of the eyelid.
Chalazion is a chronic formation in the thickness of the eyelid that occurs due to blockage of the sebaceous gland.
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye. May be:
Bacterial – caused by bacteria, accompanied by purulent discharge.
Allergic – caused by allergens (pollen, dust, cosmetics), accompanied by itching and lacrimation.
Chronic irritation syndrome is a constant feeling of dryness, burning and discomfort in the eyes, often associated with dry eyes or improper hygiene.
Important: for proper treatment, a differential diagnosis is performed (determining the exact type of inflammation in order to choose the appropriate treatment).
Diagnostics
The goal: to accurately determine the type of inflammation, its cause and severity.
Methods:
Ophthalmoscopy and slit lamp is a microscope with a bright light source for examining the eyelids, conjunctiva and cornea. It allows you to see inflammation, plaque, narrowing or dilation of blood vessels.
Smear microscopy – a small amount of secretions is taken to examine for bacteria, fungi, or allergic reaction cells.
Tear film test – checks the quality of tear fluid to detect dry eye syndrome or chronic irritation.
Tonometry – if secondary complications are suspected (for example, in severe infections), intraocular pressure (pressure inside the eye) is measured.
Allergy tests are performed if allergic conjunctivitis is suspected.
Diagnostic time: 20-40 minutes, depending on the need for laboratory tests.
Methods:
Ophthalmoscopy and slit lamp is a microscope with a bright light source for examining the eyelids, conjunctiva and cornea. It allows you to see inflammation, plaque, narrowing or dilation of blood vessels.
Smear microscopy – a small amount of secretions is taken to examine for bacteria, fungi, or allergic reaction cells.
Tear film test – checks the quality of tear fluid to detect dry eye syndrome or chronic irritation.
Tonometry – if secondary complications are suspected (for example, in severe infections), intraocular pressure (pressure inside the eye) is measured.
Allergy tests are performed if allergic conjunctivitis is suspected.
Diagnostic time: 20-40 minutes, depending on the need for laboratory tests.
Treatment
Purpose: to relieve inflammation, eliminate the cause, restore comfort and eye health.
- Medical treatment
- Antibacterial drops and ointments – kill bacteria in bacterial conjunctivitis or acute blepharitis.
- Anti–inflammatory drops - reduce redness and swelling.
- Examples: anti-inflammatory drops
- Antihistamine drops are used for allergic conjunctivitis and chronic irritation syndrome.
- Softening and moisturizing drops (artificial tear) – for dry eye syndrome, chronic irritation.
- Eye ointment with antibacterial effect – for blepharitis and barley for application to the edges of the eyelids.
- Procedural methods
- Wiping and rinsing the eyelids with antiseptics is used to remove crusts and reduce inflammation in chronic blepharitis.
- Chalazion or barley incision is a surgical autopsy for a large or chronic lesion.
Hardware methods:- Thermal compresses and microvibration massagers for the eyelids improve the drainage of sebaceous glands, reduce stagnation of secretions.
- A device for flushing the tear ducts – for chronic inflammation and irritation syndromes.
- Optical correction
- Glasses or lenses with a moisturizing coating – for chronic irritation to protect the eyes from wind, dust and dryness.
- Special contact lenses (silicone hydrogel with high oxygen permeability) - for dry eye syndrome or mild allergies to reduce contact with allergens and improve comfort.
- Terms of treatment and adaptation:
- Acute blepharitis/barley – 1-2 weeks
- Chronic blepharitis – 4-6 weeks of regular care
- Allergic conjunctivitis – during the allergy season, sometimes for a long time
- Surgical correction of chalazion – recovery in 1-2 weeks
Dynamics control
- The goal: to make sure that the inflammation goes away and does not develop again.
- The primary control is 3-5 days after the start of treatment.
- Follow–up visits are carried out every 1-2 weeks until full recovery.
- Chronic cases – monthly checkups for blepharitis or chronic irritation syndrome
- The control includes: examination of the eyelids and conjunctiva, visual acuity check, assessment of the condition of the tear film
Regular monitoring is recommended for age-related changes.
Results
What gives the right treatment:
- Elimination of inflammation and redness
- Reduction of itching, pain and discomfort
- Restoration of normal functioning of eyelids and lacrimal glands
- Prevention of relapses and chronic complications
- Protect your eyesight and improve your quality of life
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